10 most important shipwrecks in history
The first shipwreck excavation in history was made in 1961, 53 years ago. Since then, thousands of new sunken have been discovered, each with their own stories. Each of the 10 shipwreck selected to represent the underwater archeology in the list of archaeophiles. com presents unique information about the life of the people they belong to and the lives of that period. The found shipwreck reveals how smart and creative our ancestors were when they were on the sea trips.
10. USS Monitor and H.L. Hunley (USA)
Hunley was one of the subways the two sides built. On February 17, 1864, he became the first submarine to sink another ship. Many search studies were performed until 1995. There were many studies on Hunley, excavated and removed in 2000, and life on the ship was almost revived. Contrary to forecasting, it was learned that it was a highly developed vessel.
The remains of the crew were found on both ships and researches were made on them. It is believed that the crew of the Hunley might have died after a war when he lowered the submarine to the sea base.
9. RMS Titanic (North Atlantic Ocean)
8. Mary Rose and Vasa (UK and Sweden)
Mary Rose, who was made in 1510 and entered the war in 1545, is the king of English 8. It was Henry's pride. The sea-floor excavations were found to be four floors on the starboard side of the ship 22,000 was uncovered. The body of Mary Rose, which was extracted from the water, shows how it was harmonised with technology over time. The ship, which was originally built like a floating fortress for short archery and short-range combat, was changed after the emergence of cannons. As a result of the changes, the upper part of the ship became heavier and was also a factor in capsizing.
Vasa's life ended with capsizing. The first time in 1628, he was at the bottom of the Stockholm harbour. The colossal and highly ornate ship carrying the 64 ball and an army was the pride of the Swedish king Gustavus Adolphus, who transformed his country into a world force. The ship was buried in the mud, and the well-preserved vessel was removed from the sea in 1961. Excavations in the sea floor and inside the ship revealed 25,000 finds, including the statues, which were once attached to the board of the 700. The finds include not only the ship-related parts, but also the personal belongings and skelets of men and women on the ship from the poor to the rich. Some of them were still found on their clothes and shoes. Vasa is still the largest ship excavated in the archaeological site.
BC Kyrenia (Cyprus)
Research is the ship that ships with four crews from Rhodes, BC. In 306, he revealed that he was sinking in a pirate attack. There were eight iron spearheads left in the hull of this attack. Thus, the Kyrenia shipwreck presented one of the first physical evidence of the pirates. After the conservation, a copy of the ship, which was exhibited in the museum, was floated in 1985.
6. Spanish Armadası (Scotland and Ireland)
Fire vessels – the brave and decisive decisions of British capers who use tactics such as the ships that were set on fire and were released towards the enemy, were stopped by the attack. The British also had a superiority in terms of artillery. When he wanted to flee to Spain, in the words of Queen Elizabeth, "God breathed" and the Spanish Armadis caught in the storms. A third of the ships have been deboned by the sea and two-thirds of the troops found their graves on the shores of Scotland and Ireland.
The shipwreck, which was found by divers who wanted to find the riches of the Spanish nobles, initiated a long-term investigation. El Gran Grifon has provided information about shipwrecks, ship life and ships features such as San Juas de Sicilia, Girona, Santa Maria de la Rosa and LA Trinidad Valencera. Studies have revealed that insufficient preparations and hasties are the factors that prepare the end of Armada. Navigational equipment with mathematical inaccuracies and poorly spilled balls were signs of incompetence.
Researcher CM Martin, in Spain in 1492, after the deportation of Jews and Muslims, the population of mathematics and science, who understands the country's departure and mathematical mistakes emerged. On the other hand, each of the Spanish balls had his own special bullet. During the war, the crew dealt with the long and heavy artillery that needed to be transported on the one hand with the human power while searching for the right bullet in a pile of mixed bullets. The British had an easy-to-carry cannon and a sample shell that matched all the weapons. Archaeological studies revealed that when the British were throwing a fast-speed ball, the Spanish had responded to this fire with a slow, sometimes even snail speed. The Spanish had more balls, but they couldn't use them efficiently.
5. Kublai Khan's Navy (Japan)
Since the 1980s, it has uncovered surface surveys and excavations, weapons, armour, vessels for runners, personal belongings and parts of some vessels. Research on Chinese warships has shown that they are much more advanced than modern European vessels in terms of construction and technology. As a result of the excavations, the oldest bombs in the sea were found, consisting of a catapsed, and a ceramic bucket filled with metal shrapnel and gunpowder. Archaeological research has also made great contributions to a small number of information about Japanese defence and victory. The finds were fire vessels – the small ships that were set on fire and were released towards the enemy – and presented evidence of collisions on the deck, such as war on the chest. These collisions kept the navy off shore until a seasonal typhoon destroyed the ships.
The excavations also revealed that the ships were rushed to war, and some were not in a very good condition, since some were built in a hurry, and some of them were from war conditions. Unsatisfactory preparations and long-lasting siege have caused a defeat when the time is now full and the storm arrives. These archaeological efforts not only prove the reality of a myth, but also illuminates naval warfare techniques in Asia during this period.
4. Bajo de la Campana (Spain)
3. Yenikapı (Turkey)
In different styles, which are very well preserved until today, there are Byzantine merchant ships, fishing boats and four-row Avaş ships known as the previously unseen Galea. The excavations carried out by the Istanbul University and the Maritime Archaeology Institute are over, but it seems that the restoration, conservation, analysis will take tens of years. Researchers emphasise that these shipwreck in Yenikapı is the most important area for us to understand the Byzantine vessels in depth. Prior to Yenikapı, the information on the Byzantine vessels was limited to several different areas. One of these areas was the Sparrow Harbour, which is located on the Turkish coast.
2. Skuldelev Ships (Denmark)
Skuldelev ships have demonstrated the presence of advanced shipbuilding techniques and extensive specialization. The discovery also helped to capsize the Viking ship's blood, which was a stereotesed large and dragon bow, with shields placed on its edge. After the discovery, the Vikings grew interest in the trade relations, discoveries and dominions of the sea. After Skuldelev, the finds in old Viking ports like Dublin rewrote the history of the Viking maritime.
1. Uluburun and Cape Gelidonya (Turkey)
The findings convinced George Bass, the first excavation president, known as the father of underwater archaeology, did not dominate the Mediterranean trade with the Mikenians. Greek-based objects in several territorial settlements had given the view that the Mikenans dominated the Mediterranean trade, but George Bass was more likely to manage the ancient seas and trade of the Middle Eastern sailors or proto-Phoenicia. Thought.
This thesis was born from the discovery of the shipwreck of Uluburun, which was excavated between 1984-1994 and 2002. Uluburun shipwreck was dated to the oldest, 3330 years ago. The ship, Kenan or Cypriot, was carrying a wide range of raw materials and luxury items from the Baltic Sea to equatorial Africa, from the Mediterranean to the Middle East from 11 other ancient cultures. As a result of rigorous studies, fragments of the body of the oldest wreck were found.
The ongoing research of excavation head Cemal Pulak proves the thesis of Bas and points to the presence of a complex and highly developed maritime trade network, which was dominated by proto-Phoenicia three thousand years ago.
